• In a small city
such as Cairns where water
does not
need to
be re-used
only 1o & 2o
treatment are
carried out.
• 1o treatment
involves the
removal of grit
(sediment/filter) and grease.
• 2o treatment
involves the microorganism
mediated digestion of the
organic matter,
followed by settling to
remove solids.
2o
60% of BOD
30% of solids
Polishing
ponds
9.9% of BOD