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CH3041
DETERGENTS
• A soap is an example of a surfactants,
in a river excess ® foam & complexation.
• Laundry detergent is a mixture of surfactant, builder, brighteners, enzymes…
• Anionic surfactant: alkyl benzenesulfonates
• Builders: add OH- which is
required for detergent functn
and remove hardness.
Sodium TriPolyPhosphate (STPP)
 P3O105- + H2O ®   P3O9OH4- + OH-
Nitriloacetic acid (NTA) – biodeg.
phosphate replacement.
STPP = Na5P3O10
NTA phosphate replacement does degrade, but the conditions must be correct otherwise it hangs around.
It is a strong chelating agent and transports heavy metals very well.