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The trapped fibres initiate inflammation and fibrous scarring. When
the asbestos is in someone's lungs, the body sends its
immune system cells or white blood cells (WBCs) to
attack it. The body's WBCs create particles that are
toxic to cells, especially free radicals. When asbestos gets into the lungs, the white blood cells keep making free radicals. The free radicals
slowly damage the cells that are around the asbestos.
Some of this damage includes damage to the DNA that
cause mutations in cancer-causing genes. Apparently,
these mutations eventually result in cancer in some people who are exposed to asbestos. The pathologic mechanism for mesothelioma
is complex with multiple possible etiologic factors
Torrens Lake (Adelaide) sediment trap which has phosphate at
dramatic levels sufficient to trigger
Blue-green algae outbreaks. Lake is periodically flushed
(2005).
Cyanobacteria have the distinction of being the oldest known
fossils, more than 3.5 billion years old.
They form Proterozoic oil deposits. Because they
photosynthesize they are incorrectly called
blue-green algae (algae are eukaryotes), bacteria are
prokaryotes.
NTA phosphate replacement does degrade, but the conditions must be
correct otherwise it hangs around.
It is a strong chelating agent and transports heavy
metals very well.
Erin Brockovich In
1993, Erin and Ed put together over 600 plaintiffs,
and partnering with a powerhouse law firm, went after PG&E,
a $30 billion company. As a result of their efforts,
PG&E settled with the plaintiffs for $333 million,
the largest settlement ever paid in
a direct-action lawsuit in U.S. history.
Pacific Gas &Electricity used water containing chromium 6,
Cr(VI), to cool pipes at their Compressor Station in
Hinkley, CA.
The tainted water was then discharged into local
groundwater supplies and used by local residents. The
discharged chromium 6 in
the groundwater attained levels approaching 24
ppm in the wells which were sampled while the recommended drinking water limit in the US is 5
ppb.
TCE Australian use 2003 – 1.5kT/yr in drycleaning.
Holocene is current period