• Bowen’s series predicts which silicates will be found
unaltered in a soil. Incomplete acid hydrolysis is common in altered minerals.
2NaAlSi3O8(s) + 2H2CO3 +9H2O ®
2Na+ + 2HCO3- + 4H4SiO4(aq) + Al2Si2O5(OH)4(s)
Na-feldspar ® kaolinite (clay)
• The surface of a crystalline mineral
will
have many imperfections.
This results in
areas of high
surface charge;
-ve charged surface regions
are attacked
by H+ causing
pits to develop.
• eg.
Feldspar.
• River [H4SiO4(aq]average 14ppm