CH1012
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ORBITAL HYBRIDISATION
Valence Bond Theory. A simple theory that organic chemists
like to work with when discussion reactions and NMR
spectscopy.
• Several atomic
orbitals on an atom are combined to form orbitals optimized for bonding these are
called “hybrid orbitals”, these combine on
adjacent atoms and form sigma (s) and pi (p) bonds.
• Hybridisation is based on mathematical combination of
atomic orbitals.
• We combine n atomic orbitals and we
form n hybrid orbitals
form n hybrid orbitals
eg. (1 x s) + (2 x p) atomic orbitals
® 3 x sp2 hybrid orbitals
® 3 x sp2 hybrid orbitals
