The Basic Oxygen Steelmaking (BOS) plant uses molten iron from the Blast Furnaces, cold scrap steel, and burnt fluxes (lime and dolomite) to produce steel.  Molten iron, at around 1350°C, and cold scrap are charged into the BOS Furnace. Fluxes are added and then oxygen is blown into the Furnace for around 16 minutes. This raises the temperature of the metal to around 1700°C and reduces the carbon content from around 4.5 percent to 0.05 percent, converting the iron to steel.

ISASMELT™ utilises a simple refractory lined furnace and operates with a single submerged combustion lance to create a highly turbulent bath SO2 is captured and turned into acid

MIM Townsville ISA Process - The use of permanent stainless steel cathode plates eliminates
the use of starting sheets, thereby reducing the labour component above all costs of refining operations