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CH1012
SPARES II
2) The ethylation of benzene requires
the presence of AlCl3 as well as C2H5Cl. 
What is the function of the AlCl3?
3) Is the nitro group in nitrobenzene an ortho / para or meta director?
2) The benzene ring is quite stable & unreactive towards addition.  The use of
AlCl3 as a Lewis acid catalyst results in the
formation of Et+ which is active towards
substitution of the ring.

3) The nitro group is a meta director.