L1 /
1
CH1011
LECTURE
28
LAST LECTURE
• membrane potential : DE = -RT/nF ln (Ci / Co)
• chemical potential
gradient= conc gradient
• Electrochemical potential two forces:
a. electrical potential b. chemical potential
• Proton pumping
mitochondria ® E
for ATP
• Primary Batteries:
Dry cell:Zn +2NH4++ 2MnO2® Zn2++Mn2O3+2NH3+
H2O
Alkaline cell:
Zn +2OH-+ +H2O+2MnO2® Zn(OH)2 +Mn2O3+ 2OH-
Dry cell:Zn +2NH4++ 2MnO2® Zn2++Mn2O3+2NH3+
H2O
Alkaline cell:
Zn +2OH-+ +H2O+2MnO2® Zn(OH)2 +Mn2O3+ 2OH-
• Secondary Batteries:
Pb acid (discharge):
Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H2SO4(aq) ® 2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O
Pb acid (discharge):
Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H2SO4(aq) ® 2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O